MATERIAL: Parchment
TYPE: Ketubah
DIMENSIONS: Frame: 39X53 cm. Ketubah: 28.5X36 cm.
COMPONENTS: Decorated Frame from 18th Century. Ink and paint on parchment.
CONDITION: Overall good condition. Creases and stains, slightly affecting text and decorations. Stains and remains of pasting, discernible mainly on verso. Minor tears to inner margins of decorative frame, as a result of cutting previous ketubah. Slit to top edge.
NOTES: Provenance:

The present ketubah previously belonged to the collection of Mozes Heiman Gans (1917-1987), from which it was digitized on the NLI ketubah site, entry 990052918980205171.

Mozes (“Max”) Heiman Gans was a Dutch author, journalist, and jeweler. Gans grew up in the building of the "Joodse Invalide." This was the institute for poor Jewish invalids, an outstanding example of modern Jewish charity of which the controversial Rebbe Meijer de Hond (1882–1943) was the spiritual father and Gans' own father, Isaac Gans, the founder and director.

In 1943, Max Gans managed to escape to Switzerland, where he founded the Joodse Coördinatie Commissie in Genève, which acted as much as possible on behalf of the Dutch Jews under Nazi occupation. Upon his return to Amsterdam he took over the jeweler's shop of his father-in-law (who had been deported to his death), Premsela & Hamburger, specializing in silverware. Later he would write a standard work on antique silver.

At the same time he was active in Jewish affairs, becoming the head of the Central Committee for Jewish Education of the Netherlands Ashkenazi Congregation (NIK) and in 1950 assistant editor and then, from 1956 to 1966, the editor of the Dutch Jewish Weekly Nieuw Israelitisch Weekblad (NIW). As the (assistant) editor of the NIW he criticized what he saw as the short Dutch national memory of the persecution of the Dutch Jews, the apologetical attitude towards the Jewish Council by the Jewish author and lawyer Abel Herzberg (1893–1989), and the opportunistic way in which the German Widergutmachungs money was handled by the Dutch authorities.

A private collector of Judaica, Gans published in 1971 his monumental Memorbook, A Pictorial History of Dutch Jewry from the Middle Ages to 1940, with some 1,100 illustrations, which in 1987 went into its sixth printing, with an English translation published in 1977. In addition, he published three smaller albums on the Amsterdam Jewish quarter before 1940 and after – all of which were also translated into English. In 1976–77 he held the appointment of professor extraordinary in Dutch Jewish history at the University of Leiden.

On reuse of decorative ketubot in Italy, see remarks of Prof. Shalom Sabar on ketubot K96 and K105 of the René Braginsky collection, and see: Shalom Sabar, The Art of the Ketubbah, New York, 2022, I, no. 1 (KET 296).
LANGUAGE
Hebrew
ITEM ID: 5957
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Decorated Parchment Ketubah

DATE
Year: 1800
Decade: 1800s
Century: 19th (1801-1900)
Notes: Modena, 5th Sivan 5560 (May 29, 1800)

Decorated parchment ketubah, for the wedding of Yitzchak son of Moshe Diena and Brunetta daughter of Netanel Modona. Modena, 5th Sivan 5560 [May 29, 1800]. Signatures of Rabbis of Modena, Rabbi Yishmael HaKohen and Rabbi Shlomo Yedidiah Senigallia

Ketubah text written in square letters on a rectangular parchment sheet surrounded with blessings and verses written in large letters. Signature of witnesses, rabbis of Modena, at foot of ketubah text: Yishmael son of Avraham Yitzchak HaKohen and Shlomo Yedidiah son of A[vraham] Ch[ai] Senigallia (see below).

Ketubah mounted on a large parchment frame from an earlier time – in the 18th century – with upper edges decoratively cut, and decorated with meticulous and colorful illustrations in vegetal patterns. The reuse of decorative ketubah frames is unique to the Jews of Italy, and is known from other Italian ketubot.

R. Yishmael HaKohen, Rabbi of Modena (1724-1810), leading Italian rabbi and prominent posek. In 1782, he succeeded his brother R. David HaKohen as Rabbi of Modena, effectively leading all of Italian Jewry.

R. Shlomo Yedidiah Senigallia, an Italian rabbi, also served as Rabbi of Modena during the 18th century, and was a member of R. Yishmael HaKohen’s Beit Din.