ORIGINAL TITLE: Les Instructions e Ordinacions
TYPE: Catechism
DIMENSIONS: 14 cm.
COMPONENTS: 16 leaves The small volume contains illustrated initial letters (woodcuts).
CONDITION: Good-fair condition. Stains. Tears and open tears, chiefly to final leaves, professionally restored (paper filling), slightly affecting text. Final leaf torn and cut, mounted on endpaper. Bookplate on inside of front cover. New parchment binding.
NOTES: For more information on the Instructions e Ordinacions, see:

Daniel I. Wasserman-Soler, Truth in Many Tongues: Religious Conversion and the Languages of the Early Spanish Empire, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2020, pp. 73-77.

For further reading on the work and its time period, see: Benjamin Ehlers, Between Christians and Moriscos: Juan de Ribera and Religious Reform in Valencia, 1568-1614, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2006, pp. 19, 117.

From the Collection of Victor (Avigdor) Klagsbald:

The importance of the Victor (Avigdor) Klagsbald Collection can hardly be overestimated, charting nearly a millennium of Jewish life across the globe – some one thousand years of religion, culture, literature and art.

Mr. Klagsbald, who passed away 5 years ago, was one of the most prominent collectors of Jewish art in the second half of the 20th century and a noted scholar, who built a collection of exceptional quality, much of which is now being offered for auction.

Each item in the collection was professionally catalogued by Mr. Klagsbald himself, who also added detailed descriptions in neat, cursive French along with enclosed photographs. These descriptions were indexed by subject and kept in organized dossiers, of which our researchers made use while preparing the present catalogue. Many items from the collection were made known to the public throughout the years in books and articles he authored; we select for particular mention Klagsbald's catalogue of Moroccan manuscripts, published in Paris in 1980 – Catalogue des manuscrits marocains de la collection Klagsbald – and his book A l'ombre de Dieu: dix essais sur la symbolique dans l'art juif, published in Belgium in 1997. Mr. Klagsbald was also one of the founders of the Museum of Jewish Art and History (mahJ) in Paris, and authored the catalogue of the Cluny collection now preserved in the museum, which was exhibited in the Israel Museum in 1982.
LANGUAGE
Spanish
ITEM ID: 5768
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First Catechism Printed for Moriscos in Spain

DATE
Year: 1566
Decade: 1560s
Century: 16th (1501-1600)

EDITION: 1st

Les Instructions, e ordinacions perals nouvament convertits del regne de Valencia… (Instructions and ordinances for the newly converted Christians in the kingdom of Valencia…). This catechism was written specifically for the Muslim converts to Christianity in Spain, the Moriscos (a word related to “Moors,” the Muslims of North Africa and Spain).

The catechism was written ca. 1538 by the but was first printed only about thirty years later, a few years after the deaths of the authors.

Some half a million Muslims lived throughout Spain in the 16th century. As a result of the Revolt of the Brotherhoods (Rebelión de las Germanías) in Valencia, the kingdom’s numerous Muslims were forcibly converted to Christianity, in like manner to the Jewish Marranos. Like the Marranos, the new Christians among the Muslims, known as Moriscos, were also not quick to abandon their faith and customs; the present catechism was written as part of efforts on the part of the Church and Inquisition to extirpate the old customs of the Moriscos, and more importantly, from the point of view of the Christian establishment, their previous faith.

The catechism defines rules of acceptable behavior for Moriscos, clarifies the differences between Christian and Muslim rules of fasting and slaughtering, forbids giving children Muslim names, states that it is better for parents to speak with their children in the Valencian dialect rather than Arabic, and details the religious customs encouraged by the Church. Violations of the instructions and laws appearing in the work were to be penalized by high monetary fines. The work concludes with a call to the church authorities to cease from imposing high taxes on the Moriscos, which, the authors claimed, could inculcate an incorrect impression of the Church.

ARTISTS
Name: Bishop Jorge de Austria
Type: Author
Artists Dates: 1504?-1557
Artist Information: Valencia
Name: Bishop Ramírez de Haro
Type: Author
Artists Dates: died 1549
Artist Information: Segovia
Name: Bishop Joan (Juan) Mey
Type: Author
Artist Information: Valencia